(13) A few dozen of these political pariahs found employment, mostly in second-rate TV offerings where they were less likely to be spotted either by appearance or writing style. What pariah means in Swahili, pariah meaning in Swahili, pariah definition, examples and pronunciation of pariah in Swahili language.
For decades, African states longed for the day when South Africa would be liberated from its status as the apartheid pariah and become the economic engine that would pull Africa out of its mire of poverty and underdevelopment, much as Japan did for the Pacific Rim. — Allister Sparks, Wilson Quarterly, Spring 2001 Once they began to migrate to the United States, especially after this country conferred citizenship on them in 1917, they discovered what it meant to be a pariah in the country that had adopted them. — John Hope Franklin, 'The Land of Room Enough,' 1981,in Race and History, 1989 Even as her star was rising in the outside world, she was becoming more and more a pariah in her own village, where her isolation and sense of rejection made her, for a time, a prisoner in her house, a victim of agoraphobia. — Judy Oppenheimer, New York Times Book Review, 3 July 1988He's a talented player but his angry outbursts have made him a pariah in the sport of baseball.I felt like a pariah when I wore the wrong outfit to the dinner party.
Contents.Background Until the past few centuries, the authority to designate a nation as an outcast, or pariah state, was relatively clear, often resting with religious authorities. (E.g., 'the for example was regarded as an outcast by European States' since the in 1648 until the nineteenth century on a 'religious basis.' ) In more recent times, however, the criteria for and attached implications of pariah statehood, as well as the designating authorities, are the subject of much disagreement. For example, the Nigerian scholar has stated:There are so many open questions on the issue of Pariah State. For instance who determines a Pariah State and how a nation becomes a Pariah State. This becomes more profound when one realizes that a nation that is an outcast in one region, has diplomatic and friendly relations with others.By some criteria, nations can be considered pariahs within their own neighborhood of surrounding states.
By others, an international body (such as the ) or perhaps a consensus among certain nations may govern the meaning or use of the term. Etymology The word 'pariah' derives from, a large indigenous tribal group of the of.
Under the, the Paraiyar were members of the lowest caste, which were called the 'outcastes' by the English Imperial rulers of India. Since its first recorded use in English in 1613, cultures worldwide have accepted the term 'pariah' to mean 'outcast'.
Definitions A pariah state, defined in its simplest terms, is an outcast state. This is not a new term in the lexicon of, nor is it a new historical concept. What is new, however, is what Lawal refers to as 'the basis for Pariahood appellation.' Other definitions have been advanced that expand this basis (see next section below), or perhaps add more academic nuance, which may vary by author or the author's field of study.
These definitions are here grouped into two categories: definitions focusing on the lack (or disadvantage) the pariah state objectively suffers from, and definitions focusing on the political justification - given by other nations - for why that pariah state 'deserves' their extraordinary attitude towards it.The first type of definitions is well exemplified by Bellany's definition, according to which a pariah state is 'A state lacking any significant.' Similarly, The Penguin Dictionary of International Relations, defines the pariah states as 'international States/actors which, by virtue of their political systems, ideological postures, leadership or general behavior, suffer from diplomatic isolation and widespread global moral opprobrium.' This definition, as the previous one, does not indicate what kind of political system, ideological posture, leadership or general behavior, is ascribed to the pariah state by the other nations.The second type of definitions is most simply exemplified by Weiss's definition, according to which pariah states are 'states that violate international norms.' Similarly, Harkavy offers, 'A Pariah State is one whose conduct is considered to be out of line with international norms of behavior.' Geldenhuys gives a more detailed definition of that type: 'A pariah (or outcast) country is one whose domestic or international behaviour seriously offends the world community or at least a significant group of states.'
Marks's definition elaborates more: a pariah state is 'a state with provocative policies or, measures of the absence of with neighboring states or the situational harm posed to other states if the state in question acquired.' Criteria for pariah statehood As of August, 2014, no internationally accepted criteria exist for designating a nation as a pariah state, nor is there any single accepted authority for doing so. Some criteria are proposed in the definitions offered in the previous section. For example, Harkavy and Marks make reference in their definitions to the international behavior of a nation in order to qualify it for pariahood.
Marks goes one step further and includes the question of nuclear weapons in his criteria, while Weiss adds 'a state’s defiant existence in the face of international non-recognition.' However, Bellany's sole criterion is a lack of, while The Penguin Dictionary of International Relations requires that the pariah states also 'suffer from diplomatic isolation and widespread global moral opprobrium'. Mayhem 8015. Subjective designation No universal standard exists to prevent nations, organizations, or even individuals from referring to nations as pariah states. For example, political commentator and activist declared in 2003 and again in 2014 that the had become a pariah state.
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